Information that 80 to 90% of people are infected with worms, many people offer the idea that you should drink Anthelminitian medicines for preventive purposes.
The human body parasitic different types of worms, special tests have been developed for their identification.Each diagnostic procedure has a certain percentage of reliability and differs in the characteristics of the driving.
Blood tests for parasites
The vital activity of parasites in the body causes discomfort of unclear etiology.It may be rashes, flatulence, stomach burns, nausea, weakness, anemia, joint pain.To clarify the diagnosis, special tests for parasites must be carried out.
How to check parasites in the human body
Classification of parasites in their appearance:
For representatives of certain professions (for staff of catering companies, children's institutions), an analysis of verse eggs is necessary in the design of health books.Children pass the same analysis to admission to children's gardens and a crèche or in a sports section.
- A classic study on worms living in the gastrointestinal tract is an analysis of the excrement and a scratch of the rectum mucosa.
- But there are several options for more effective blood tests for parasites, as expected and according to the method.
Reasons for the delivery of parasites analysis
When it is infected with individual parasites, a person may feel no symptoms.But over time, the number of helminths increases and the infection begins to manifest itself.It is necessary to pass tests for parasites if there are such symptoms:
- Abdominal pain of different localizations, which can occur spontaneously or on palpation;
- Itching in the anus that appears at night;
- joint and muscular pain;
- reduction of appetite and nausea;
- Increased appetite with abundant salivation;
- intestinal dysbiosis;
- constipation or diarrhea;
- change in the color of the excrement;
- increased fatigue;
- dizziness;
- pallor of the skin;
- insomnia or sleep disorders;
- irritability;
- dermatitis;
- urine incontinence;
- In women, an abundant vagina outing, violations of the menstrual cycle.
The nature of the symptoms depends on the type of parasites.The itching and burns in the anal region cause ancients.Askarides cause serious allergic reactions, as well as abdominal cramps.Lambia, echinococci and bicondum affect the liver.They are often the cause of the obstruction of bile leaflets and cholestasis (stagnation of bile), inflammation of the gallbladder.Light excrement with drops of fat are one of the main signs of liver and pancreas pathology.The symptom of the parasitic effect on the liver and gallbladder is pain in the right hyposondrium.
If several of the listed symptoms appear, it is necessary to go to the hospital in order to identify the parasites of the body in time.It is necessary to pass regular preventive tests for parasites for children, people who live or work with animals.If a meat, a labby or raw, jerky and slightly salty fish is regularly consumed for food, the risk of infection is very high.In this case, it is also necessary to be regularly verified to identify the parasites.
What parasitic tests exist
There are different reasons that cause the need to take an analysis for helminths.
On this parameter, 3 types of tests stand out:
- Preventive - necessary for the appropriate detection of helminthiasis even in the absence of characteristic symptoms.They are carried out on a person's personal initiative or in a medical examination.It is recommended to take such an analysis each year, especially for children.
- Barrier - are prescribed to minimize the risk of propagation of helminthiasis among the population.This is a compulsory analysis that children pass before entering a kindergarten or a school, workers in the food industry, service areas, medical staff to obtain a medical book.Barriers' analysis is provided once a year.
- As prescribed by a doctor, this type of analysis for helminthes is prescribed by a doctor in the presence of symptoms characteristic of helminthiasis: nausea, stomach disorders, itching in the anus, weight loss, abdominal pain, increased fatigue, dizziness.With a single negative result, the analysis must be taken again to ensure its reliability.
Depending on the situation and symptoms, one or more types of tests are prescribed.Let us examine in detail the features of each.
With strong weight loss, you should think about the need to carry out analyzes for parasites
Calais analysis for verse eggs
Analysis of the excrement for parasites, in another way, it is called a coprogram method - to which provides for the study of faeces under the microscope in order to identify the eggs of parasites, their larvae or fragments of sexually mature worms.This analysis makes it possible to identify many varieties of worms, but it is particularly effective for the verses which parasitize in the intestines.Suitable for the diagnosis of enterobiosis, ascariase, ankylostomosis, trichocephalosis and other types of infection.
To carry out an analysis, you must take a special sterile pot.It is issued in a clinic, laboratories or bought in a pharmacy.
So everything is simple:
- It is necessary to fill 1/3 with excrement with excrement.This must be done before 11:00 am.Make sure that the impurities of the third part, for example, the blood, the drops of other secretions do not fall into the pot, as this will negatively display the reliability of the result.
- The cover of the completed capacity must be closely closed.It is signed, then wrapped in a disposable package.
- It is preferable that the equipment can be transferred for analysis 30 to 45 minutes after the collection.It is allowed to keep it in the refrigerator, but not more than 8 hours.After this period, the material becomes unsuitable for analysis.
You can discover the results the day after the analysis.But in some laboratories, it is done up to 6 days.
The effectiveness of this method is 30 to 35%, because the helminths do not lay eggs every night.
Scraping (smear)
Scratch is the most common analysis for enterobiosis, which allows you to identify the presence of pine verses which parasitize in the intestines and to fold a large number of eggs in the area around the anus, as well as in the perineum zone every night.
Since children are particularly suffering from enterobiosis, a child who visits a kindergarten, a school, must take a scratch regularly twice a year.Adults must also analyze when the first signs of parasites appear: itching in the anus, bad sleep, worsening of appetite, weight loss, irritability.
Analysis procedure:
- The scratch is taken by a special spatula, which is available in the pharmacy, or with ordinary cotton wool, previously moistened in a saline or lukewarm water.They remove a smear from the area around the anus, as well as the perineum.Another way is to set a sticky ribbon (ribbon) in the area around the anus.Sucked gently, it must be glued to the surface of clean and dry glass.
- The procedure must be carried out in the morning, immediately after waking up.Before that, you cannot go to the toilet and wash.You can take a smear in a clinic or at home.
- A stick or spatula, on the surface of which there is a biomass for research, is wrapped in a dry sterile jar, a package.The packaging should be sealed.
- It is necessary to deliver the equipment to the laboratory for research on the day of taking smear, it is better immediately.If necessary, for a maximum of 5 hours, it can be stored in the refrigerator.
You can discover the results the next day.
If the results of the first analysis were negative, but the symptoms typical of enterobiosis are preserved, the procedure must be transmitted again the next day or every two days.The maximum efficiency guarantees 3-4 negative result of the analyzes carried out in a line.
Blood test
A blood test shows the presence of parasites, because following their lives, they affect the internal organs, the mucous membranes, release a large number of toxins.This causes changes in the composition of blood.When helminths appear, the immune system begins to produce antibodies (immunoglobulin).They can be identified as a result of the study.
The essential is that a competent decoding of the results is carried out, which can only be done by an experienced specialist.
A blood test for parasites determines all their varieties - ascaride, lamblia, dishes, two water, trichinella, trematodes.Most of them parasitize in the internal organs: in the liver, lungs, conduits and not in the intestines, therefore, using other tests, this will not work to identify these types of parasites.
Analysis delivery procedure:
- To analyze, venous blood is necessary.Just take 3 to 5 ml of equipment from the elbow vein.The procedure is carried out on an empty stomach, preferably in the morning.
- Specialists study the blood selected in the laboratory for specific antibodies, which allow you to determine the stage of Helminythiasis.
- Decipher the results of the analysis.
Before giving blood, the patient must pass the preparation stadium.It starts a week before diagnosis and implies a complete refusal to use antibiotics and other drugs, the composition of which can negatively affect the accuracy of the result.A day before the analysis, it is worth excluding fatty products, candies, soft drinks and always alcohol from the diet.
The determination of the Helminthic invasion is also carried out using a general blood test.It is quite informative, allows you to identify different types of worms, but the most effective compared to pine verses, as well as ascaris.
During the deciphering of the general analysis, the following indicators are taken into account:
- Hémoglobin - With damage caused by verses, it is reduced;
- Leukocytes - When infected with helminthes, their concentration increases.
For the analysis, the blood is taken from a vein.Before the procedure, it is important not to eat 8, but better than 12 hours.It is allowed to drink only water.5-7 days before handling, it is necessary to stop taking antibiotics.
Elisa, analysis of antibodies and immunoglobulina
This analysis is based on the immune response of the body, the level of its protection reaction to the invasion of parasites.
- Using the results of the ELISA, you can determine the presence of helminths in the body and their type.The precision of the study is much higher than the analysis of the excrement.
- The method is based on the calculation of antibodies in the body to one or the other type of parasites, the determination of their connection with foreign antigens (immune response) and the enzymatic reaction of the body.
- Anti-antigen antibodies indicate an infection.
- One blood test by Elisa has a precision, according to different experts, from 60% to 90%, even at the low level of invasion.
- The advantage of the method, in addition to a high level of precision, is that an immuno-functioning analysis can be monitored by the dynamics of the disease over time.
Chain reaction by polymerase (PCR analysis)
The PCR method is one of the most modern and precise for the diagnosis of blood for the presence of parasites in the body.It consists in detecting traces of DNA and RNA, belonging to parasitic life forms.
- The essence of the reaction of the polymerase is blood treatment so as to copy and propagate DNA, the RNA of organisms foreign to a concentration which allows them to determine.
Serological blood test
At the same time, the analysis is used as a source of information on blood serum.
- Immunogenic antibodies of parasites are studied.
- The analysis allows you to identify a large number of parasitic forms, but does not allow you to determine the stage of the invasion.
- Like the IFA method, serological analysis is indirect for diagnosis.
- If the OPD values are high, it is advisable to also pass the fecal analysis.
How and where to pass tests for parasites
It is necessary to pass tests for parasites when the typical symptoms of the Helminthic invasion appear: digestive problems, asthenia, weight loss, dermatological diseases.It is also necessary to undergo diagnostics for helminths in situations where a person suffers from a chronic disease for many years, but the treatment does not give the expected result.In many cases, it turns out that the disease is not caused by physiological problems, but by the consequence of the parasitization of worms.
Before taking the procedure, you must obtain a direction of a gastroenterologist, specialist in infectious diseases, proctologist, therapist, surgeon, dermatologist and pediatrician.With this direction, a person goes to the laboratory.After studying biomaterials, he receives a form of results, which indicates if helminths are detected in the body.
If the results of the analysis confirmed the presence of worms, it is important to immediately consult a qualified doctor.It can be a specialist or an infectious therapist.When helminthiasis are diagnosed in a child, a pediatrician helps.
To pass tests that identify parasites, it takes at least once a year.To undergo diagnostics, it is important to choose a good laboratory, whose specialists guarantee the maximum accuracy of the results.